Best of Archaeology 2010: Nat Geo News's Ten Most Viewed
国家地理2010十大考古发现
美国国家地理网站评选出2010年度十大考古发现,全球12处文化遗址濒临消失、秘鲁千年神庙发现成堆女性骸骨以及DNA揭开埃及少年法老图坦卡蒙死因等重大发现榜上有名。
1. Dead Sea Scrolls Mystery Solved
《死海古卷》作者之谜解开
The new clues, revealed in July, hint that the scrolls, which include some of the oldest known biblical documents, may have been the textual treasures of several groups, hidden away during wartime—and may even be "the great treasure from the Jerusalem Temple," which held the Ark of the Covenant, according to the Bible
《死海古卷》涵盖了迄今为止一些最古老的圣经文献。科学家在2010年7月公布的新线索表明,《死海古卷》可能是战争期间流亡在外的一些犹太人群体的文化财富,甚至可能是“耶路撒冷圣殿的伟大珍藏”。据《圣经》记载,约柜就保存在耶路撒冷圣殿内。
2. Noah's Ark Found
土耳其发现诺亚方舟遗迹
A team of evangelical Christian explorers claimed they'd found the remains of Noah's ark beneath snow and volcanic debris on Turkey's Mount Ararat in April.
一个由福音派基督徒组成的探险小 组宣称,他们2010年4月在土耳其东部的亚拉拉特山附近发现了传说中的诺亚方舟的船身残骸。
3. Shapes Reveal "Lost" Amazon World
“失落”的亚马逊世界
Hundreds of circles, squares, and other geometric shapes once hidden by forest hint at a previously unknown ancient society that flourished in the Amazon, according to a study released in January.The researchers behind the January study, though, estimated that nearly ten times as many such structures—of unknown purpose—may exist undetected under the Amazon's forest cover.
在2010年1月公布的一项研究中,研究人员发现了数百个曾经被森林覆盖着的圆形、方形和其他几何形状结构,这表明在亚马逊地区曾经存在一个未 知的古老而繁荣的社会。根据 实施这项研究的研究人员估计,有近十倍于已发现土木结构的建筑或许被亚马逊森林所覆盖。
4 Lasers Reveal Maya City
玛雅古城3D全景呈现
An April 2009 flyover of the Maya city of Caracol used Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) equipment—which bounces laser beams off the ground—to help scientists construct a 3-D map of the settlement in western Belize.
The survey revealed previously unknown buildings, roads, and other features in just four days, scientists announced in May at the International Symposium on Archaeometry in Tampa, Florida.
2009年4月,激光探测及测距设备飞跃古玛雅城邦卡拉考遗址上空,帮助绘制了这个位于伯利兹西部的遗址3D地图。科学家2010年5月在美国佛罗里达州坦帕市举行的国际科技考古研讨会上 宣布,此次勘测在短短4天内揭示了大量此前未知的建筑、公路及其他特征。
5. "Mythical" Temple Found
秘鲁千年神庙发现成堆女性骸骨
A thousand-year-old temple complex (including a tomb with human sacrifice victims) has been found under the windswept dunes of northwestern Peru, archaeologists announced in January.The discovery of the complex, excavated near the city of Chiclayo between 2006 and late 2009, injected a dose of reality into the legend of Naylamp.
考古学家2010年1月表示,他们在秘鲁西北部暴露在风中的沙丘下面发现了一座距今1000年前的神庙。神庙内有一座坟墓,里面有大量充当祭品的受害者尸骨。经过2006年至2009年底在齐克拉约附近地区进行的发掘,考古学家最终获得了这一重大发现,给有关纳拉姆普神的传说增添了真实感。
此外,还有5项重大发现,包括揭开埃及少年法老图坦卡蒙死因( King Tut DNA Results),全球12处文化遗址濒临消失(12 Ancient Landmarks Vanishing),再探“泰坦尼克”号沉船(Titanic Falling Apart),百年前南极探险队藏身木屋("Time Capsule" Hut Revealed),埃及法老墓室秘道(Pharaoh's Secret Tunnel Explored)。